The Ultimate List of Binge-Eating Disorder Statistics for 2021

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If you’re wanting to keep up-to-date with the latest research and statistics related to binge-eating disorder (BED), then look no further.

Here I wanted to take to the opportunity to highlight the most important statistics on binge-eating disorder to emerge over the last few years.

Before we dive in, it’s important to quickly reiterate what BED is and why it’s such an important eating disorder.

What is Binge-Eating Disorder?

Binge-eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder that is characterised by recurrent episodes (once weekly on average) of binge eating without the use of inappropriate compensatory behaviours, like self-induced vomiting, fasting, or laxative abuse.

A binge episode is defined as eating a really large amount of food (around 1500 calories or more) in a short period of time (around 2 hours), accompanied by a sense of complete loss of control.

BED is an interesting eating disorder because it wasn’t officially recognized as a mental health disorder until the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders was published in 2013.

It is one of the most common eating disorders and is associated with many different medical, psychological, and social complications.

Understanding the latest statistics related to BED is a first step needed to reduce the stigma around this eating disorder and to increase more awareness.

Let’s dive into hard facts.

Epidemiology Statistics

1. The point prevalence of BED in children worldwide is 0.7%¹Rozzell, K., Klimek, P., Brown, T., & Blashill, A. J. (2019). Prevalence of eating disorders among us children aged 9 to 10 years: data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. JAMA pediatrics, 173(1), 100-101. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_1’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_1’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
2. The one-year point prevalence of BED adults is 1.1 %²Erskine, H. E., & Whiteford, H. A. (2018). Epidemiology of binge eating disorder. Current opinion in psychiatry, 31(6), 462-470 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_2’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_2’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
3. The lifetime prevalence of BED in adults is 2.3%³Erskine, H. E., & Whiteford, H. A. (2018). Epidemiology of binge eating disorder. Current opinion in psychiatry, 31(6), 462-470 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_3’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_3’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
4. By 2030, it is estimated that around half a million US men will have BED⁴STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_4’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_4’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
5. By 2030, it is estimated that around 1.5 million US women will have BED⁵STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_5’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_5’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
6. One year prevalence of BED in men is 0.26%, with men aged 10-19 years having the highest prevalence (0.48%)⁶STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_6’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_6’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
7. Women aged 20-29 years have the highest BED prevalence rates, estimated to be 2.09%⁷STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_7’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_7’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
8. The mean age of BED onset is 25 years, which is much higher than bulimia and anorexia nervosa⁸Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_8’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_8’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });

Broader Impacts of Binge-Eating Disorder

The following statistics are related to 2018-29, and come from STRIPED’s report on the economic costs of eating disorders⁹STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_9’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_9’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.

1. The cost of BED on the US healthcare system was estimated to be $1.2 billion.
2. The costs of BED outside of the US healthcare system was estimated to be $19.4 billion.
3. The annual hospitalisation cost associated with BED was estimated to be $14.4 million.
4. The annual emergency department costs associated with BED was estimated to be $2 million.
5. Outpatient care costs for BED was estimated to be $1.1 million
6. Reduced workforce participation associated with BED was estimated at 20%
7. Workforce absenteeism associated with BED was estimated to cost $1,5 billion

Binge-Eating Disorder Treatment Statistics

1. 58% of adults who complete a full course of CBT with a therapist are expected to fully recover¹⁰Linardon, J. (2018). Rates of abstinence following psychological or behavioral treatments for binge-eating disorder: Meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 1-13. doi:10.1002/eat.22897 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_10’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_10’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
2. 35% of adults who try a self-help approach based on CBT principles are expected to fully recover¹¹Linardon, J. (2018). Rates of abstinence following psychological or behavioral treatments for binge-eating disorder: Meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 1-13. doi:10.1002/eat.22897 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_11’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_11’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
3. Around 40% of adults with BED are expected to recover after receiving Dasotraline¹²Grilo, C. M., McElroy, S. L., Hudson, J. I., Tsai, J., Navia, B., Goldman, R., … & Loebel, A. (2020). Efficacy and safety of dasotraline in adults with binge-eating disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose clinical trial. CNS spectrums, 1-10 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_12’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_12’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
4. 22% of adults with BED drop out early from treatment due to dissatisfaction¹³Linardon, J., Hindle, A., & Brennan, L. (2018). Dropout from cognitive-behavioral therapy for eating disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 51, 381-391. doi:10.1002/eat.22850 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_13’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_13’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
5. One smaller study found an 80% recovery rate for adults who completed a course of CBT and orlistat¹⁴Grilo, C. M., Masheb, R. M., & Salant, S. L. (2005). Cognitive behavioral therapy guided self-help and orlistat for the treatment of binge eating disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Biological psychiatry, 57, 1193-1201 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_14’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_14’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
6. Nearly 45% of people with BED reduce their binge eating by 45% within just four weeks of treatment¹⁵Grilo, C. M., Masheb, R. M., & Wilson, G. T. (2006). Rapid response to treatment for binge eating disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 602-613 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_15’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_15’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
7. 36% of adults with BED are expected to recover after receiving a guided CBT self-help program delivered over the internet¹⁶de Zwaan, M., Herpertz, S., Zipfel, S., Svaldi, J., Friederich, H.-C., Schmidt, F., . . . Schade-Brittinger, C. (2017). Effect of Internet-Based Guided Self-help vs Individual Face-to-Face Treatment on Full or Subsyndromal Binge Eating Disorder in Overweight or Obese Patients: The INTERBED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 74, 987-995. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_16’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_16’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
8. 43% of people with BED have received psychological treatment at some point in their lives¹⁷Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_17’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_17’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
9. 28% of people with BED have received treatment in the past 12 months¹⁸Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_18’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_18’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
10. 60% of adults with BED are not sure whether they need to receive help¹⁹Linardon, J., Rosato, J., & Messer, M. (2020). Break Binge Eating: Reach, engagement, and user profile of an Internet-based psychoeducational and self-help platform for eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53, 1719-1728 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_19’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_19’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });

Health Effects of Binge-Eating Disorder

1. The standardized mortality ratio for BED is estimated to be 1.92, comparable to BN (SMR = 1.93) but substantially lower than AN (SMR = 5.86)²⁰Arcelus, J., Mitchell, A. J., Wales, J., & Nielsen, S. (2011). Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders: a meta-analysis of 36 studies. Archives of general psychiatry, 68(7), 724-731. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_20’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_20’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
2. 34% of adolescents with BED express suicidal ideation²¹STRIPED Harvard. 2020. Report: Economic Costs Of Eating Disorders. Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/striped/report-economic-costs-of-eating-disorders jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_21’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_21’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
3. 15% of adults with BED have considered morbidly obese²²Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_22’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_22’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
4. 62% of adults with BED report at least some level of home, work, social life, or personal life impairment²³Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_23’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_23’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
5. 65% of people with BED have a comorbid anxiety disorder²⁴Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_24’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_24’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
6. 46% of people with BED have a comorbid mood disorder²⁵Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_25’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_25’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
7. 43% of people with BED have a comorbid impulse control disorder²⁶Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_26’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_26’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
8. 23% of people with BED have a comorbid substance abuse disorder²⁷Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_27’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_27’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
9. 78% of people with BED have another psychiatric comorbidity²⁸Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_28’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_28’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
10. Nearly 50% of people with BED have three or more comorbid psychiatric disorders²⁹Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope Jr, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological psychiatry, 61(3), 348-358. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_29’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_29’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });
11. 76% of adults with BED express significant concerns about their symptoms and the impact it is having on their functioning³⁰Linardon, J., Rosato, J., & Messer, M. (2020). Break Binge Eating: Reach, engagement, and user profile of an Internet-based psychoeducational and self-help platform for eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53, 1719-1728 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_30’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_30’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });

The Natural Course of Binge-Eating Disorder

1. ~8% of people with BED may cross over to a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa³¹Castellini G, Lo Sauro C, Mannucci E, et al. Diagnostic crossover and outcome predictors in eating disorders according to DSM-IV and DSM-V proposed criteria: A 6-year follow-up study. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2011;73:270-279 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_31’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_31’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
2. ~11% who recover from BED after treatment may relapse³²Castellini G, Lo Sauro C, Mannucci E, et al. Diagnostic crossover and outcome predictors in eating disorders according to DSM-IV and DSM-V proposed criteria: A 6-year follow-up study. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2011;73:270-279 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_32’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_32’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
3. Around 50% of the risk for BED is genetic³³Trace, S. E., Baker, J. H., Peñas-Lledó, E., & Bulik, C. M. (2013). The genetics of eating disorders. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 589-620. jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_33’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_33’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });.
4. 15% of adults with BED may show a pattern of spontaneous recovery³⁴Linardon, J. (2018). Rates of abstinence following psychological or behavioral treatments for binge-eating disorder: Meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 1-13. doi:10.1002/eat.22897 jQuery(‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2918_4_34’).tooltip({ tip: ‘#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2918_4_34’, tipClass: ‘footnote_tooltip’, effect: ‘fade’, predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: ‘top right’, relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });

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